---
title: “Ho, old man, have you seen a doughty youth with a fair maiden gallo… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Ho, old man, have you seen a doughty youth with a fair maiden galloping by?” Who acts: fair maiden. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 101

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“Ho, old man, have you seen a doughty youth with a fair maiden galloping by?”

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**Who acts:** fair maiden · **What happens:** see, gallop · **To what, where:** doughty youth

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fair maiden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:30:101
# text = “Ho, old man, have you seen a doughty youth with a fair maiden galloping by?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ho	Ho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
9	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	doughty	doughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	galloping	gallop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	acl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | present · perfect |  | a doughty youth |  |  |  | with a fair maiden | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer youth=Stimulus |
| 2 | **gallop** *in a quote* | gerund | a fair maiden *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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