---
title: When they arrived home his father and mother were overjoyed to see I… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: When they arrived home his father and mother were overjoyed to see Iván Tsarévich, for they had given him up as lost. Who acts: horses. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 129

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When they arrived home his father and mother were overjoyed to see Iván Tsarévich, for they had given him up as lost.

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**Who acts:** horses · **What happens:** arrive, overjoy, see, give up, lose · **To what, where:** father, Iván

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:30:129
# text = When they arrived home his father and mother were overjoyed to see Iván Tsarévich, for they had given him up as lost.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	overjoyed	overjoy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	iobj	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | horses *= horse* |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **overjoy** | past · passive |  | Tsar's father and mother |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** | to-infinitive |  | Iván |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer iván=Stimulus |
| 4 | **give up** | past · perfect | horses *= horse* |  | father |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Source |
| 5 | **lose** | participle | horses *= horse* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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