---
title: In the morning Iván Tsarévich awoke, and when he looked out it was a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In the morning Iván Tsarévich awoke, and when he looked out it was all done: there were no ravines and no crevasses, and the field was as flat as the palm of his hand, and the rye on it was red and so lofty that a jackdaw might hide in it. Who acts: Iván, jackdaw, ravines, field. A sentence of «Russ
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 35

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In the morning Iván Tsarévich awoke, and when he looked out it was all done: there were no ravines and no crevasses, and the field was as flat as the palm of his hand, and the rye on it was red and so lofty that a jackdaw might hide in it.

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**Who acts:** Iván, jackdaw, ravines, field, rye · **What happens:** awake, look out, do, be, hide · **To what, where:** ground

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, jackdaw, ravines, field), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:30:35
# text = In the morning Iván Tsarévich awoke, and when he looked out it was all done: there were no ravines and no crevasses, and the field was as flat as the palm of his hand, and the rye on it was red and so lofty that a jackdaw might hide in it.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
6	awoke	awake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
15	all	all	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
19	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
21	ravines	ravine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	24	det	_	_
24	crevasses	crevasse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	as	as	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
32	as	as	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	rye	rye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
42	on	on	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nmod	_	_
44	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
45	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
47	so	so	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
48	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	conj	_	_
49	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	53	mark	_	_
50	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	jackdaw	jackdaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nsubj	_	_
52	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
53	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	advcl	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	53	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **awake** | past | Iván |  |  |  | morning |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **look out** | past | jackdaw |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | past · passive |  | ground |  |  |  | all *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **be** | past | no ravines and no crevasses |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | the field |  |  |  |  | as the palm of jackdaw's hand; flat *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | past | the rye on ground |  |  |  |  | red *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **be** |  | the rye on ground *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **hide** | might | a jackdaw |  |  | ground |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in it=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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