---
title: But Vasilísa the Wise, with Iván Tsarévich, was already very far ahe… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But Vasilísa the Wise, with Iván Tsarévich, was already very far ahead: they were leaping on swift horses without staying, without taking breath. Who acts: Vasilísa. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 94

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But Vasilísa the Wise, with Iván Tsarévich, was already very far ahead: they were leaping on swift horses without staying, without taking breath.

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**Who acts:** Vasilísa · **What happens:** leap, stay, take · **To what, where:** breath

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vasilísa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:30:94
# text = But Vasilísa the Wise, with Iván Tsarévich, was already very far ahead: they were leaping on swift horses without staying, without taking breath.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	Vasilísa	Vasilísa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Wise	Wise	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
11	already	already	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	advmod	_	_
14	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	leaping	leap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	swift	swift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	staying	stay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
26	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	conj	_	_
27	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past · progressive | Vasilísa and Iván |  |  |  |  | on swift horses; answer *nsubj*; far *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on horse=Trajectory |
| 2 | **stay** | gerund | Vasilísa and Iván *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | gerund | Vasilísa and Iván *not said here* | breath |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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