---
title: Then the passing beggar saw Ilyá Múromets and said: “Hail, Ilyá Múro… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the passing beggar saw Ilyá Múromets and said: “Hail, Ilyá Múromets! Who acts: passing beggar. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 109

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Then the passing beggar saw Ilyá Múromets and said: “Hail, Ilyá Múromets!

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**Who acts:** passing beggar · **What happens:** pass, see, say · **To what, where:** Ilyá Múromets, Hail · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (passing beggar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:31:109
# text = Then the passing beggar saw Ilyá Múromets and said: “Hail, Ilyá Múromets!
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	beggar	beggar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Ilyá	Ilyá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Múromets	Múromet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	Ilyá	Ilyá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Múromets	múromet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | the passing beggar | Ilyá Múromets |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer múromet=Stimulus |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the passing beggar *not said here* | Hail and Ilyá Múromets |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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