---
title: The Nightingale Robber saw them, and said, “My beloved sons, do not… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Nightingale Robber saw them, and said, “My beloved sons, do not dishonour nor take such a bold knight, and so all receive your death from him; it would be better to ask his forgiveness in humbleness and to ask him into my house to have a goblet of green wine.” Who acts: Nightingale Robber, belov
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 90

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The Nightingale Robber saw them, and said, “My beloved sons, do not dishonour nor take such a bold knight, and so all receive your death from him; it would be better to ask his forgiveness in humbleness and to ask him into my house to have a goblet of green wine.”

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**Who acts:** Nightingale Robber, beloved sons, it, your · **What happens:** see, say, not dishonour, take, receive, be · **To what, where:** husbands, bold knight, death, forgiveness, humbleness, ROBBER · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nightingale Robber, beloved sons, it, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:31:90
# text = The Nightingale Robber saw them, and said, “My beloved sons, do not dishonour nor take such a bold knight, and so all receive your death from him; it would be better to ask his forgiveness in humbleness and to ask him into my house to have a goblet of green wine.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Nightingale	Nightingale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Robber	Robber	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	dishonour	dishonour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	19	cc	_	_
19	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
20	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	23	det:predet	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	bold	bold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	all	all	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	receive	receive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
29	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
35	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
36	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	cop	_	_
37	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	csubj	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	humbleness	humbleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	to	to	PART	TO	_	46	mark	_	_
46	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	conj	_	_
47	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	46	obj	_	_
48	into	into	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	_
51	to	to	PART	TO	_	52	mark	_	_
52	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	advcl	_	_
53	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	goblet	goblet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obj	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	amod	_	_
57	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the Nightingale Robber | husbands *= husband* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Nightingale Robber *not said here* |  |  |  |  | My beloved sons *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **dishonour** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support | My beloved sons *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive | My beloved sons *not said here* |  | such bold knight |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument knight=Destination |
| 5 | **receive** *in a quote* | infinitive | My beloved sons *not said here* | your death |  |  |  | from ROBBER; all *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent death=Theme from he=Source |
| 6 | **is** *in a quote* | would | it |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | ROBBER's forgiveness |  | humbleness |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent forgiveness=Recipient |
| 8 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  | ROBBER | my house |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 9 | **have** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | a goblet of green wine |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goblet=Patient |
| 10 | **die** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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