---
title: She did, and came upon the Singing-Tree, and in it all sorts of bird… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: She did, and came upon the Singing-Tree, and in it all sorts of birds were singing. Who acts: girl, birds. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 32, sentence 115

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She did, and came upon the Singing-Tree, and in it all sorts of birds were singing.

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**Who acts:** girl, birds · **What happens:** do, come, sing, sort · **To what, where:** Singing Tree, path, birds

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:32:115
# text = She did, and came upon the Singing-Tree, and in it all sorts of birds were singing.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	Singing	singing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Tree	Tree	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	sorts	sort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come** | past | girl *not said here* |  |  | the Singing Tree |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon tree=Location |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | past · progressive | birds |  |  | path |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location |
| 4 | **sort** |  |  | birds |  |  |  |  | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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