---
title: The brothers were overjoyed, went home and planted the Singing-Tree… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The brothers were overjoyed, went home and planted the Singing-Tree in the garden; it overspread the whole garden, and all kinds of birds began singing. Who acts: garden, kinds. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 32, sentence 120

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The brothers were overjoyed, went home and planted the Singing-Tree in the garden; it overspread the whole garden, and all kinds of birds began singing.

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**Who acts:** garden, kinds · **What happens:** overjoy, go, plant, overspread, begin, sing · **To what, where:** brothers, Singing Tree, garden, whole garden

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (garden, kinds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:32:120
# text = The brothers were overjoyed, went home and planted the Singing-Tree in the garden; it overspread the whole garden, and all kinds of birds began singing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	overjoyed	overjoy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
7	home	home	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	Singing	Singing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Tree	Tree	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	overspread	overspread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	26	det	_	_
26	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
29	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overjoy** | past · passive |  | the brothers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | past |  |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **plant** | past |  | the Singing Tree |  | the garden |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tree=Theme in garden=Destination |
| 4 | **overspread** | past | garden | the whole garden |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **begin** | past | all kinds of birds |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | all kinds of birds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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