---
title: A visitor knocked at the door: the sister opened the door and saw an… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: A visitor knocked at the door: the sister opened the door and saw an old hag, who said: “You have a pretty little place here; three things are lacking.” Who acts: visitor, old hag, You, three things. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree an
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 32, sentence 75

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A visitor knocked at the door: the sister opened the door and saw an old hag, who said: “You have a pretty little place here; three things are lacking.”

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**Who acts:** visitor, old hag, You, three things · **What happens:** knock, open, see, say, have, lack · **To what, where:** visitor, door, old hag, little place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (visitor, old hag, You, three things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:32:75
# text = A visitor knocked at the door: the sister opened the door and saw an old hag, who said: “You have a pretty little place here; three things are lacking.”
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	visitor	visitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	knocked	knock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	hag	hag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	pretty	pretty	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
31	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
33	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	lacking	lack	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock** | participle |  | a visitor *not said here* |  |  |  | at the door | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at door=Patient |
| 2 | **open** | past | a visitor | the door |  |  |  | the sister *nsubj* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location door=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | past | a visitor *not said here* | a old hag |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hag=Stimulus |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | a old hag |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **have** *in a quote* | present | You | a little place |  | here |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |
| 6 | **lack** *in a quote* | present · progressive | three things |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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