---
title: The Princess was utterly exhausted and had pined away to a shadow, a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Princess was utterly exhausted and had pined away to a shadow, and she could hardly stand on her legs. Who acts: Princess. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 33, sentence 45

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The Princess was utterly exhausted and had pined away to a shadow, and she could hardly stand on her legs.

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**Who acts:** Princess · **What happens:** exhaust, pine away, stand · **To what, where:** Princess, legs

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:33:45
# text = The Princess was utterly exhausted and had pined away to a shadow, and she could hardly stand on her legs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	pined	pine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhaust** | past · passive |  | the Princess |  |  |  | utterly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **pine away** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | to a shadow; away *property* | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **stand** | could | Princess |  |  | Princess's legs |  | hardly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on leg=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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