---
title: “Well, this is what the poor have to endure. — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Well, this is what the poor have to endure. Who acts: this, poor. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 33, sentence 48

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“Well, this is what the poor have to endure.

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**Who acts:** this, poor · **What happens:** be, have, endure

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, poor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:33:48
# text = “Well, this is what the poor have to endure.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	endure	endure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the poor |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **endure** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the poor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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