---
title: So the Cossack leapt from his horse, undid the keg, turned it to the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the Cossack leapt from his horse, undid the keg, turned it to the right, and a miraculous palace appeared on the spot: both of them went into the painted rooms and sat on covered chairs. Who acts: Cossack leapt, miraculous palace, both. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Openi
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 103

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So the Cossack leapt from his horse, undid the keg, turned it to the right, and a miraculous palace appeared on the spot: both of them went into the painted rooms and sat on covered chairs.

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**Who acts:** Cossack leapt, miraculous palace, both · **What happens:** undo, turn, appear, go, paint, sit · **To what, where:** keg, right, spot, painted rooms, covered chairs

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack leapt, miraculous palace, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:34:103
# text = So the Cossack leapt from his horse, undid the keg, turned it to the right, and a miraculous palace appeared on the spot: both of them went into the painted rooms and sat on covered chairs.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Cossack	cossack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	leapt	leapt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	undid	undo	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	keg	keg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	miraculous	miraculous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
28	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	31	nsubj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nmod	_	_
31	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
32	into	into	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	painted	paint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	amod	_	_
35	rooms	room	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
38	on	on	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	covered	covered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	chairs	chair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | past | the Cossack leapt from leapt's horse | the keg |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent keg=Patient |
| 2 | **turn** | past | the Cossack leapt from leapt's horse *not said here* | keg |  | the right |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme to right=Trajectory |
| 3 | **appear** | past | a miraculous palace |  |  | the spot |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on spot=Location |
| 4 | **go** | past | both of palace |  |  | the painted rooms |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into room=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **paint** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **sit** | past | both of palace *not said here* |  |  | covered chairs |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on chair=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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