---
title: This is a sword which slays of itself: you need only wave it, and ho… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: This is a sword which slays of itself: you need only wave it, and however incalculable the force may be it will slay them all in front of it. Who acts: This, sword, you, force. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 112

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This is a sword which slays of itself: you need only wave it, and however incalculable the force may be it will slay them all in front of it.

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**Who acts:** This, sword, you, force · **What happens:** be, slay, wave · **To what, where:** sword, front

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, sword, you, force), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:34:112
# text = This is a sword which slays of itself: you need only wave it, and however incalculable the force may be it will slay them all in front of it.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	slays	slay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	need	need	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	wave	wave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	however	however	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	incalculable	incalculable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
21	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	26	nmod:unmarked	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a sword |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slay** | present | a sword |  |  |  |  | of sword | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wave** | present | you | sword |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | may · future | the force |  |  | front of sword |  | casks *= cask* *obj*; slay *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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