---
title: So the Cossack thrust his pike into the flame and leapt to avoid the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the Cossack thrust his pike into the flame and leapt to avoid the great heat. Who acts: Cossack thrust. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 58

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So the Cossack thrust his pike into the flame and leapt to avoid the great heat.

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**Who acts:** Cossack thrust · **What happens:** leapt, avoid · **To what, where:** great heat

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack thrust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:34:58
# text = So the Cossack thrust his pike into the flame and leapt to avoid the great heat.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Cossack	cossack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	thrust	thrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	leapt	leapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | infinitive | the Cossack thrust into the flame |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **avoid** | to-infinitive | the Cossack thrust into the flame *not said here* | the great heat |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent heat=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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