---
title: So the Cossack stayed for a very, very long time in the tin castle,… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the Cossack stayed for a very, very long time in the tin castle, until he became wearied unto death: it might be a joke, but he was always alone and could never exchange as much as a whisper with anybody. Who acts: Cossack, affair. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, p
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 73

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So the Cossack stayed for a very, very long time in the tin castle, until he became wearied unto death: it might be a joke, but he was always alone and could never exchange as much as a whisper with anybody.

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**Who acts:** Cossack, affair · **What happens:** stay, weary, be, not exchange · **To what, where:** tin castle, Cossack, joke, much

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack, affair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:34:73
# text = So the Cossack stayed for a very, very long time in the tin castle, until he became wearied unto death: it might be a joke, but he was always alone and could never exchange as much as a whisper with anybody.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Cossack	cossack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	wearied	weary	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
25	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	cop	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
32	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	34	advmod	_	_
34	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	exchange	exchange	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
39	as	as	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	obj	_	_
41	as	as	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	whisper	whisper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	with	with	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	anybody	anybody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the Cossack |  |  | the tin castle | time |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in castle=Location |
| 2 | **weary** | past · passive |  | Cossack |  |  |  | unto death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | might | affair | a joke |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | Cossack |  |  |  |  | alone, always *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **exchange** | could | the Cossack *not said here* | much |  |  |  | as a whisper with anybody | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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