---
title: Three days went by: the Cossack slept in the morning, and then looke… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Three days went by: the Cossack slept in the morning, and then looked out of the window, and his good horse stood saddled at the steps. Who acts: Three days, Cossack, good horse. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 85

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Three days went by: the Cossack slept in the morning, and then looked out of the window, and his good horse stood saddled at the steps.

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**Who acts:** Three days, Cossack, good horse · **What happens:** go, sleep, look out, stand, saddle · **To what, where:** window

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three days, Cossack, good horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:34:85
# text = Three days went by: the Cossack slept in the morning, and then looked out of the window, and his good horse stood saddled at the steps.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Cossack	cossack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
15	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	saddled	saddle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	xcomp	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Three days |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | past | the Cossack |  |  |  | morning |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **look out** | past | Three days *not said here* | the window |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **stand** | past | Cossack's good horse |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **saddle** | participle | Cossack's good horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the steps | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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