---
title: “Oh, you fool, the others sing, for they have had a good dinner and… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Oh, you fool, the others sing, for they have had a good dinner and have drunk well. Who acts: you, others. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 35, sentence 156

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“Oh, you fool, the others sing, for they have had a good dinner and have drunk well.

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**Who acts:** you, others · **What happens:** fool, sing, have, drink · **To what, where:** good dinner

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:35:156
# text = “Oh, you fool, the others sing, for they have had a good dinner and have drunk well.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fool	fool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sing	sing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	drunk	drink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
21	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fool** *in a quote* |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | present | the others |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** *in a quote* | present · perfect | others *= other* | a good dinner |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinner=Patient |
| 4 | **drink** *in a quote* | present · perfect | others *= other* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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