---
title: Once again the old man came to the poor peasant and said: “Listen, m… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Once again the old man came to the poor peasant and said: “Listen, master, have you sown your corn this year?” Who acts: old man, you. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 35, sentence 87

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Once again the old man came to the poor peasant and said: “Listen, master, have you sown your corn this year?”

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**Who acts:** old man, you · **What happens:** come, say, listen, sow · **To what, where:** corn · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:35:87
# text = Once again the old man came to the poor peasant and said: “Listen, master, have you sown your corn this year?”
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	advmod	_	_
2	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	peasant	peasant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Listen	listen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
22	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	det	_	_
25	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the old man |  |  |  | again | to the poor peasant | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to peasant=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **listen** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | master *conj* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sow** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | your corn |  |  | year |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent corn=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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