---
title: The little skiff sailed up to the shore; the grandfather took the fi… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The little skiff sailed up to the shore; the grandfather took the fish and fed his little boy, changed his shirt and sash and sent him out again to catch fish. Who acts: little skiff, grandfather. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 36, sentence 121

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The little skiff sailed up to the shore; the grandfather took the fish and fed his little boy, changed his shirt and sash and sent him out again to catch fish.

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**Who acts:** little skiff, grandfather · **What happens:** sail up, take, feed, change, send out, catch · **To what, where:** shore, fish, little boy, shirt, grandfather

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little skiff, grandfather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:36:121
# text = The little skiff sailed up to the shore; the grandfather took the fish and fed his little boy, changed his shirt and sash and sent him out again to catch fish.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	skiff	skiff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	fed	feed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	sash	sash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	out	out	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
30	again	again	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
33	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail up** | past | the little skiff |  |  | the shore |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to shore=Trajectory |
| 2 | **take** | past | the grandfather |  | the fish |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument fish=Destination |
| 3 | **feed** | past | the grandfather *not said here* |  | grandfather's little boy |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Recipient |
| 4 | **change** | past | the grandfather *not said here* | grandfather's shirt and sash |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shirt=Patient |
| 5 | **send out** | past | the grandfather *not said here* | grandfather |  |  | again |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 6 | **catch** | to-infinitive | the grandfather *not said here* | fish |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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