---
title: The old man went into the loft for some groats, and took them home,… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The old man went into the loft for some groats, and took them home, but there was a hole in the sack, and the groats were running and running out of the sack. Who acts: old man, hole, groats. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 115

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The old man went into the loft for some groats, and took them home, but there was a hole in the sack, and the groats were running and running out of the sack.

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**Who acts:** old man, hole, groats · **What happens:** go, take, be, run · **To what, where:** loft, groats, sack

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, hole, groats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:37:117
# text = The old man went into the loft for some groats, and took them home, but there was a hole in the sack, and the groats were running and running out of the sack.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loft	loft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	groats	groat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	home	home	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
19	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	groats	groat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	30	conj	_	_
33	out	out	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the old man |  |  | the loft |  | for some groats | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into loft=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **take** | past |  | groats *= groat* |  |  |  | home *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **be** | past | a hole in the sack |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **run** | past · progressive | the groats |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **run** | gerund | the groats *not said here* |  |  | the sack |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sack=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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