---
title: So the old man set to collecting the grain, and the Sun warmed it, a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the old man set to collecting the grain, and the Sun warmed it, and the Moon shone on it, and Vóron Vóronovich helped to collect the grain. Who acts: Sun, Moon, Vóron. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 119

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So the old man set to collecting the grain, and the Sun warmed it, and the Moon shone on it, and Vóron Vóronovich helped to collect the grain.

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**Who acts:** Sun, Moon, Vóron · **What happens:** collect, warm, shine, help · **To what, where:** grain

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, Moon, Vóron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:37:121
# text = So the old man set to collecting the grain, and the Sun warmed it, and the Moon shone on it, and Vóron Vóronovich helped to collect the grain.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
6	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	collecting	collect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	warmed	warm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	Vóron	Vóron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	Vóronovich	Vóronovich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
27	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	collect	collect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	xcomp	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | gerund | the Sun *not said here* | the grain |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme |
| 2 | **warm** | past | the Sun | grain |  |  |  | the old man set *conj* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **shine** | past | the Moon |  |  | grain |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Location |
| 4 | **help** | past | Vóron |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **collect** | to-infinitive | Vóron *not said here* | the grain |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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