---
title: “He has served out his period faithfully and honourably: he has neve… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “He has served out his period faithfully and honourably: he has never once shaved himself, nor cut his hair, nor wiped his nose, nor changed his clothes.” Who acts: elder. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 55

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“He has served out his period faithfully and honourably: he has never once shaved himself, nor cut his hair, nor wiped his nose, nor changed his clothes.”

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**Who acts:** elder · **What happens:** serve out, not shave, cut, wipe, change · **To what, where:** period, elder, hair, nose, clothes

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:37:57
# text = “He has served out his period faithfully and honourably: he has never once shaved himself, nor cut his hair, nor wiped his nose, nor changed his clothes.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	faithfully	faithfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	honourably	honourably	ADV	RB	_	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	16	advmod	_	_
16	shaved	shave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
17	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	20	cc	_	_
20	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	25	cc	_	_
25	wiped	wipe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	30	cc	_	_
30	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve out** *in a quote* | present · perfect | elder | elder's period |  |  |  | faithfully *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent period=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **shave** *in a quote* | present · perfect | elder | elder |  |  |  | once *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 3 | **cut** *in a quote* | past |  | elder's hair |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hair=Product |
| 4 | **wipe** *in a quote* | past |  | elder's nose |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent nose=Source |
| 5 | **change** *in a quote* | past |  | elder's clothes |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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