---
title: Iván Tsarévich had to count the cows and to stable them all, and to… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Iván Tsarévich had to count the cows and to stable them all, and to give the last one a kiss under its tail. Who acts: Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 109

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Iván Tsarévich had to count the cows and to stable them all, and to give the last one a kiss under its tail.

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**Who acts:** Iván · **What happens:** have, count, stable, give · **To what, where:** cows, last one

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:38:110
# text = Iván Tsarévich had to count the cows and to stable them all, and to give the last one a kiss under its tail.
1	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stable	stable	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	kiss	kiss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
22	under	under	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Iván |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **count** | to-infinitive | Iván *not said here* | the cows |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Theme |
| 3 | **stable** | to-infinitive | Iván *not said here* | cows *= cow* |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme they=Destination |
| 4 | **give** | to-infinitive | Iván *not said here* | the last one |  |  |  | a kiss *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent one=Recipient kiss=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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