---
title: Iván Tsarévich went up to the horse, laid his hand on its back, put… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Iván Tsarévich went up to the horse, laid his hand on its back, put his foot into the stirrup, and the magical horse stood there as though he were made of stone, and never pricked an ear. Who acts: Iván, magical horse. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38, with its
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 73

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Iván Tsarévich went up to the horse, laid his hand on its back, put his foot into the stirrup, and the magical horse stood there as though he were made of stone, and never pricked an ear.

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**Who acts:** Iván, magical horse · **What happens:** go up, lay, put, stand, make, not prick · **To what, where:** hand, back, foot, stirrup, Iván, ear

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, magical horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:38:74
# text = Iván Tsarévich went up to the horse, laid his hand on its back, put his foot into the stirrup, and the magical horse stood there as though he were made of stone, and never pricked an ear.
1	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	stirrup	stirrup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	magical	magical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
29	as	as	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
30	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	advcl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	39	advmod	_	_
39	pricked	prick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
40	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | Iván |  |  |  |  | to the horse | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **lay** | past | Iván *not said here* | Iván's hand |  | horse's back |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on back=Destination |
| 3 | **put** | infinitive | Iván *not said here* | Iván's foot |  | the stirrup |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent foot=Goal |
| 4 | **stand** | past | the magical horse |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **make** | past · passive |  | Iván |  |  |  | of stone | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 6 | **not** **prick** | past | Iván *not said here* | a ear |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ear=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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