---
title: But, however many slanders she might think of to tell him, Iván Tsar… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But, however many slanders she might think of to tell him, Iván Tsarévich never believed her, but held Katomá fast. Who acts: many slanders, Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 87

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But, however many slanders she might think of to tell him, Iván Tsarévich never believed her, but held Katomá fast.

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**Who acts:** many slanders, Iván · **What happens:** think, tell, not believe, hold · **To what, where:** Katomá, wife · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many slanders, Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:38:88
# text = But, however many slanders she might think of to tell him, Iván Tsarévich never believed her, but held Katomá fast.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	however	however	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	slanders	slander	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
16	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
22	Katomá	Katomá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | might | many slanders |  |  |  |  | wife *nsubj* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  | Katomá |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 3 | **not** **believe** | past | Iván | wife |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
| 4 | **hold** | past | many slanders *not said here* | Katomá |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent katomá=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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