---
title: Between the rafters and the sloped roof is the loft (_cherdák_), int… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Between the rafters and the sloped roof is the loft (_cherdák_), into which a ladder leads. Who acts: sloped roof, ladder. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 39, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 39, sentence 160

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Between the rafters and the sloped roof is the loft (\_cherdák\_), into which a ladder leads.

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**Who acts:** sloped roof, ladder · **What happens:** slope, be, lead · **To what, where:** loft, rafters

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sloped roof, ladder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:39:160
# text = Between the rafters and the sloped roof is the loft (_cherdák_), into which a ladder leads.
1	Between	between	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rafters	rafter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sloped	slope	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	loft	loft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	cherdák	cherdák	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	leads	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slope** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the sloped roof | the loft |  |  |  | cherdák *appos* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead** | present | a ladder |  |  | the rafters and the loft |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into which=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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