---
title: I told you you must not make any exclamations: this is the preface o… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: I told you you must not make any exclamations: this is the preface of the tale, and there comes another after it.” Who acts: I, you, this. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 39, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 39, sentence 94

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I told you you must not make any exclamations: this is the preface of the tale, and there comes another after it.”

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**Who acts:** I, you, this · **What happens:** tell, not make, be, come · **To what, where:** you, exclamations, preface, another · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:39:94
# text = I told you you must not make any exclamations: this is the preface of the tale, and there comes another after it.”
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	exclamations	exclamation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	preface	preface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
22	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	21	obj	_	_
23	after	after	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **make** | must | you | any exclamations |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exclamation=Product |
| 3 | **is a** | present | this | the preface |  |  |  | of the tale | tree rules |
| 4 | **come** | present |  | another |  | there | after preface |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location another=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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