---
title: (For the roads were bad, and the blue sea became stormy; the marshes… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: (For the roads were bad, and the blue sea became stormy; the marshes surged and opened.) Who acts: blue sea, marshes. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 109

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(For the roads were bad, and the blue sea became stormy; the marshes surged and opened.)

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**Who acts:** blue sea, marshes · **What happens:** be, become, surge, open

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blue sea, marshes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:4:109
# text = (For the roads were bad, and the blue sea became stormy; the marshes surged and opened.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	stormy	stormy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	marshes	marsh	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	surged	surge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | for the roads; bad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | past | the blue sea |  |  |  |  | stormy *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **surge** | past | the marshes |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **open** | past | the marshes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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