---
title: “You are to tell him: ‘Have no fear, Prince Vladímir: across the riv… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “You are to tell him: ‘Have no fear, Prince Vladímir: across the rivers have been built hazel-tree bridges, the transoms are of oak covered with cloth of purple and with nails of tin. Who acts: sea, tree bridges. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4, with its depend
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 110

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“You are to tell him: ‘Have no fear, Prince Vladímir: across the rivers have been built hazel-tree bridges, the transoms are of oak covered with cloth of purple and with nails of tin.

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**Who acts:** sea, tree bridges · **What happens:** be, have, build, cover · **To what, where:** sea, fear, rivers, oak · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea, tree bridges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:4:110
# text = “You are to tell him: ‘Have no fear, Prince Vladímir: across the rivers have been built hazel-tree bridges, the transoms are of oak covered with cloth of purple and with nails of tin.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:desc	_	_
14	Vladímir	Vladímir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
16	across	across	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
22	hazel	hazel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	transoms	transom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	parataxis	_	_
32	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	acl	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	purple	purple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | sea |  | sea |  |  | tell *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present |  | no fear |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fear=Patient |
| 3 | **build** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive | sea *not said here* |  |  | the rivers |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V» |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | tree bridges and the transoms |  |  |  |  | of oak | tree rules |
| 5 | **cover** *in a quote* | participle |  | oak *not said here* |  |  |  | with cloth of purple and nails of tin | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with cloth=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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