---
title: Then twelve youths appeared, all of them carpenters, sawyers, stone-… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then twelve youths appeared, all of them carpenters, sawyers, stone-hewers; and they set to work, and the house was soon ready. Who acts: twelve youths, all, youths, house. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 58

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Then twelve youths appeared, all of them carpenters, sawyers, stone-hewers; and they set to work, and the house was soon ready.

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**Who acts:** twelve youths, all, youths, house · **What happens:** appear, carpenter, set, work, be

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twelve youths, all, youths, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:4:58
# text = Then twelve youths appeared, all of them carpenters, sawyers, stone-hewers; and they set to work, and the house was soon ready.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	youths	youth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	carpenters	carpenter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	sawyers	sawyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	hewers	hewer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
27	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	_
28	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | twelve youths |  |  |  | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **carpenter** |  | all of youths |  |  |  |  | sawyers *conj*; stone hewers *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **set** | present | youths *= youth* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **work** | to-infinitive | youths *= youth* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | the house |  |  |  |  | ready, soon *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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