---
title: “O _bátyushka_,[10] how do you know her: was there any little bird t… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “O _bátyushka_,[10] how do you know her: was there any little bird that told you? Who acts: bátyushka, little bird. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 96

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“O \_bátyushka\_,\[10\] how do you know her: was there any little bird that told you?

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**Who acts:** bátyushka, little bird · **What happens:** know, be, tell · **To what, where:** wife, there, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bátyushka, little bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:4:96
# text = “O _bátyushka_,[10] how do you know her: was there any little bird that told you?
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
3	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	bátyushka	bátyushka	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
11	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	ccomp	_	_
18	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present · do-support | bátyushka | wife |  |  |  | you *nsubj*; any little bird *obj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past |  | there |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | any little bird |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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