---
title: _ For the episodes in this story of the kingdom turned to stone ther… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: _ For the episodes in this story of the kingdom turned to stone there seems strong evidence of adaptation or loan from the Arabian Nights. Who acts: episodes. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 100

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\_ For the episodes in this story of the kingdom turned to stone there seems strong evidence of adaptation or loan from the Arabian Nights.

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**Who acts:** episodes · **What happens:** turn, seem, evidence · **To what, where:** stone, strong evidence, adaptation

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (episodes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:40:100
# text = _ For the episodes in this story of the kingdom turned to stone there seems strong evidence of adaptation or loan from the Arabian Nights.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	11	punct	_	_
2	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	episodes	episode	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	csubj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
15	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	adaptation	adaptation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	Arabian	Arabian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	Nights	Night	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the episodes in this story of the kingdom |  |  | stone; there |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to stone=Trajectory |
| 2 | **seem** | present |  | strong evidence of adaptation or loan from the Arabian Nights |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme evidence=Attribute |
| 3 | **evidence** |  |  | adaptation or loan from the Arabian Nights |  |  |  |  | nom evidence «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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