---
title: In the story of St. Nicholas the Wonder-Worker, I have taken the sto… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In the story of St. Nicholas the Wonder-Worker, I have taken the story as I found it, and have not attempted to fill up the obvious gaps. Who acts: I. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 121

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In the story of St. Nicholas the Wonder-Worker, I have taken the story as I found it, and have not attempted to fill up the obvious gaps.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** take, find, not attempt, not fill up · **To what, where:** story, worker, obvious gaps

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:40:121
# text = In the story of St. Nicholas the Wonder-Worker, I have taken the story as I found it, and have not attempted to fill up the obvious gaps.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	St.	St.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Nicholas	Nicholas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	Wonder	Wonder	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Worker	Worker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	attempted	attempt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	conj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	obvious	obvious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	gaps	gap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · perfect | I | the story |  | the story of Nicholas  St. |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent story=Value in story=Location |
| 2 | **find** | past | I | worker |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **attempt** | present · perfect | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **not** **fill up** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the obvious gaps |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gap=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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