---
title: “On the broad Volga, on the steep-set banks, the princely swan swims… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “On the broad Volga, on the steep-set banks, the princely swan swims from the Prince’s courtyard. Who acts: princely swan. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 38

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“On the broad Volga, on the steep-set banks, the princely swan swims from the Prince’s courtyard.

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**Who acts:** princely swan · **What happens:** swim · **To what, where:** broad Volga, courtyard

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princely swan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:40:38
# text = “On the broad Volga, on the steep-set banks, the princely swan swims from the Prince’s courtyard.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	On	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	broad	broad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Volga	Volga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	set	set	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	princely	princely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	swan	swan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	swims	swim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	’s	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** *in a quote* | present | the princely swan | the broad Volga and the steep set banks *not said here* |  | the Prince's courtyard |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location volga=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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