---
title: But it is more probable that there is a confusion of two other words… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But it is more probable that there is a confusion of two other words in this one, and that the word _solovéy_, which has come to mean nightingale, is either derived from _sláva_, meaning fame, or from the same root as the hostile power whom Ilyá Múromets, in some of the ballads, fights, namely Solóv
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 87

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But it is more probable that there is a confusion of two other words in this one, and that the word \_solovéy\_, which has come to mean nightingale, is either derived from \_sláva\_, meaning fame, or from the same root as the hostile power whom Ilyá Múromets, in some of the ballads, fights, namely Solóvnik the Grey One.

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**Who acts:** bard, confusion, word solovéy · **What happens:** be, come, mean, derive, confuse · **To what, where:** nightingale, sláva, fame, same root, two other words

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bard, confusion, word solovéy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:40:87
# text = But it is more probable that there is a confusion of two other words in this one, and that the word _solovéy_, which has come to mean nightingale, is either derived from _sláva_, meaning fame, or from the same root as the hostile power whom Ilyá Múromets, in some of the ballads, fights, namely Solóvnik the Grey One.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	probable	probable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
23	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	solovéy	solovéy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
28	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	acl	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	_
32	nightingale	nightingale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux:pass	_	_
35	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	36	advmod	_	_
36	derived	derive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
37	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	sláva	sláva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
43	fame	fame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
45	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
46	from	from	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
48	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
50	as	as	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
52	hostile	hostile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
54	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	56	obj	_	_
55	Ilyá	Ilyá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	56	compound	_	_
56	Múromets	Múromet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	49	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	in	in	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	56	conj	_	_
60	of	of	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	ballads	ballad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
64	fights	fight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
66	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	67	amod	_	_
67	Solóvnik	Solóvnik	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	62	nmod	_	_
68	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	70	det	_	_
69	Grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	70	amod	_	_
70	One	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	67	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | bard |  |  |  |  | probable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | a confusion of two other words in this one |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | present · perfect | word solovéy |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **mean** | to-infinitive | word solovéy *not said here* | nightingale |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nightingale=Topic |
| 5 | **derive** | present · passive |  |  |  | sláva |  | word solovéy *advcl*; either *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: from sláva=Material |
| 6 | **mean** | gerund | bard *not said here* | fame |  | the same root as the hostile power |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fame=Topic |
| 7 | **confuse** |  |  | two other words in this one |  |  |  |  | nom confusion «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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