---
title: _ The name of Potán’ka [in which the ‘n’ and ‘k’ are to be sounded s… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: _ The name of Potán’ka [in which the ‘n’ and ‘k’ are to be sounded separately as in pin-case], is also found in the Nóvgorod ballads where Potán’ka the Lame is one of the boon companions of Vasíli Busláyevich. Who acts: Potán’ka. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 93

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\_ The name of Potán’ka \[in which the ‘n’ and ‘k’ are to be sounded separately as in pin-case\], is also found in the Nóvgorod ballads where Potán’ka the Lame is one of the boon companions of Vasíli Busláyevich.

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**Who acts:** Potán’ka · **What happens:** sound, find, be, name · **To what, where:** name, Nóvgorod ballads, one, Potán’ka

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Potán’ka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:40:93
# text = _ The name of Potán’ka [in which the ‘n’ and ‘k’ are to be sounded separately as in pin-case], is also found in the Nóvgorod ballads where Potán’ka the Lame is one of the boon companions of Vasíli Busláyevich.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	_
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Potán’ka	Potán'ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n	n	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	k	k	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	sounded	sound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
21	separately	separately	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	pin	pin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
30	also	also	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	parataxis	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	Nóvgorod	Nóvgorod	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	ballads	ballad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
36	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	41	advmod	_	_
37	Potán’ka	Potán'ka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	Lame	Lame	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	appos	_	_
40	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
41	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nmod	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	boon	boon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	nmod	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	Vasíli	Vasíli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
48	Busláyevich	Busláyevich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present · passive |  | the name of Potán’ka |  |  |  | as pin case; separately *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | present · passive |  |  |  | the Nóvgorod ballads |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF» |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Potán’ka | one |  |  |  | of the boon companions of Vasíli | tree rules |
| 4 | **name** |  |  | Potán’ka |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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