---
title: The old Russian ballads give names and patronymics to their rivers s… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The old Russian ballads give names and patronymics to their rivers such as the people use for themselves, e.g. Dněpr Slovútich Don Iványch. Who acts: old Russian ballads, people. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 41, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 41, sentence 13

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The old Russian ballads give names and patronymics to their rivers such as the people use for themselves, e.g. Dněpr Slovútich Don Iványch.

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**Who acts:** old Russian ballads, people · **What happens:** give, use · **To what, where:** names

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 41. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old Russian ballads, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:41:13
# text = The old Russian ballads give names and patronymics to their rivers such as the people use for themselves, e.g. Dněpr Slovútich Don Iványch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	ballads	ballad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	patronymics	patronymic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
12	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	e.g.	e.g.	ADV	FW	_	16	obj	_	_
21	Dněpr	Dněpr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	Slovútich	Slovútich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	_
23	Don	Don	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	_
24	Iványch	Iványch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the old Russian ballads | names and patronymics |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | present | the people |  |  |  |  | to ballads's rivers; for ballads *= ballad* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent e.g.=Theme for themselves=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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