---
title: So the wolf went and stood on the hill and opened his mouth for the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the wolf went and stood on the hill and opened his mouth for the food, and the ram ran down and hit him hard with the horns on his forehead—_whack_! Who acts: wolf, ram. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 5, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So the wolf went and stood on the hill and opened his mouth for the food, and the ram ran down and hit him hard with the horns on his forehead—\_whack\_!

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**Who acts:** wolf, ram · **What happens:** go, stand, open, run down, hit · **To what, where:** whack, hill, mouth, Lord

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wolf, ram), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:5:73
# text = So the wolf went and stood on the hill and opened his mouth for the food, and the ram ran down and hit him hard with the horns on his forehead—_whack_!
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	ram	ram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
22	down	down	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	advmod	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	forehead	forehead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	whack	whack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the wolf | whack |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the wolf *not said here* |  |  | the hill |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hill=Location |
| 3 | **open** | past | the wolf *not said here* | Lord's mouth |  |  |  | for the food | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mouth=Theme |
| 4 | **run down** | past | the ram |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **hit** | past | the wolf *not said here* | Lord |  |  |  | with the horns; on Lord's forehead; hard *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument on forehead=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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