---
title: The Tsar, the little sun, appeared, saw the old man with his three d… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Tsar, the little sun, appeared, saw the old man with his three daughters, two tied by the hands, and the third daughter like a spring flower, the light of Paradise in her eyes, with the dawn on her face, tears flowing in her eyes, falling like pearls. Who acts: Tsar, tears. A sentence of «Russia
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 24

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The Tsar, the little sun, appeared, saw the old man with his three daughters, two tied by the hands, and the third daughter like a spring flower, the light of Paradise in her eyes, with the dawn on her face, tears flowing in her eyes, falling like pearls.

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**Who acts:** Tsar, tears · **What happens:** appear, see, tie, flow, fall, light · **To what, where:** third daughter, eyes, old man, Paradise

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:6:24
# text = The Tsar, the little sun, appeared, saw the old man with his three daughters, two tied by the hands, and the third daughter like a spring flower, the light of Paradise in her eyes, with the dawn on her face, tears flowing in her eyes, falling like pearls.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
20	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	28	amod	_	_
28	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
29	like	like	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Paradise	paradise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	with	with	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
45	on	on	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
49	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
50	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	49	acl	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
55	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	50	conj	_	_
56	like	like	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	pearls	pearl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | the Tsar | the third daughter like a spring flower and the light of Paradise |  | Tsar's eyes | dawn |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eye=Location |
| 2 | **see** | past | the Tsar *not said here* | the old man |  |  |  | with man's three daughters; two *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 3 | **tie** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the hands | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **flow** | gerund | tears *not said here* |  |  | Tsar's eyes |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eye=Location |
| 5 | **fall** | gerund | tears *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like pearls | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **light** |  |  | Paradise |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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