---
title: And the guns fired and the shots flew, and the smoke wreathed and wr… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And the guns fired and the shots flew, and the smoke wreathed and writhed: it was all visible to the eye. Who acts: guns, smoke. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 30

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And the guns fired and the shots flew, and the smoke wreathed and writhed: it was all visible to the eye.

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**Who acts:** guns, smoke · **What happens:** fire, fly, wreath, writhe, be · **To what, where:** guns

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guns, smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:6:30
# text = And the guns fired and the shots flew, and the smoke wreathed and writhed: it was all visible to the eye.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	fired	fire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shots	shot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
8	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	wreathed	wreath	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	writhed	writhe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	all	all	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	ccomp	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fire** | participle |  | the guns and the shots *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fly** | past | the guns and the shots |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wreath** | past | the smoke |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **writhe** | past | the smoke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **is** | past | smoke |  |  |  |  | to the eye; all, visible *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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