---
title: Then again the apple rolled about on the saucer, the crystal on the… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then again the apple rolled about on the saucer, the crystal on the silver, and the sea could be seen billowing on the shore, and the ships swimming like swans, flags flying, issuing from the stern, and the noise of guns and cannon-smoke arriving like wreaths, all visible to the eye. Who acts: apple
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 31

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Then again the apple rolled about on the saucer, the crystal on the silver, and the sea could be seen billowing on the shore, and the ships swimming like swans, flags flying, issuing from the stern, and the noise of guns and cannon-smoke arriving like wreaths, all visible to the eye.

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**Who acts:** apple, sea, ships, flags, cannon smoke, guns · **What happens:** roll about, see, billow, swim, fly, issue · **To what, where:** saucer, sea, shore, stern

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (apple, sea, ships, flags), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:6:31
# text = Then again the apple rolled about on the saucer, the crystal on the silver, and the sea could be seen billowing on the shore, and the ships swimming like swans, flags flying, issuing from the stern, and the noise of guns and cannon-smoke arriving like wreaths, all visible to the eye.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rolled	roll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	about	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	saucer	saucer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	crystal	crystal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
23	billowing	billow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	xcomp	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	nsubj	_	_
31	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	acl	_	_
32	like	like	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	conj	_	_
36	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	35	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
38	issuing	issue	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	36	conj	_	_
39	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	stern	stern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	nsubj	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nmod	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
49	cannon	cannon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	_
52	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	51	acl	_	_
53	like	like	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	wreaths	wreath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
56	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	57	det	_	_
57	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
58	to	to	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll about** | past | the apple |  |  | the saucer | again; then | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on saucer=Trajectory |
| 2 | **see** | could · passive |  | the sea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **billow** | gerund | the sea *not said here* |  |  | the shore |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on shore=Location |
| 4 | **swim** | gerund | the ships *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like swans and flags | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **fly** | gerund | flags *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **issue** | gerund | flags *not said here* |  |  | the stern |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **arrive** | gerund | cannon smoke *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like wreaths | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **noise** |  | guns and cannon smoke |  |  |  |  |  | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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