---
title: So fifteen years went by, until at last the Tsar received news that… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So fifteen years went by, until at last the Tsar received news that in a certain village a peasant had found a child who was a wonder for his beauty and his cleverness. Who acts: fifteen years, last Tsar, child. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6, with its depende
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 55

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So fifteen years went by, until at last the Tsar received news that in a certain village a peasant had found a child who was a wonder for his beauty and his cleverness.

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**Who acts:** fifteen years, last Tsar, child · **What happens:** go by, receive, find, be · **To what, where:** news, peasant, certain village, wonder

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fifteen years, last Tsar, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:6:55
# text = So fifteen years went by, until at last the Tsar received news that in a certain village a peasant had found a child who was a wonder for his beauty and his cleverness.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	peasant	peasant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl:relcl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	wonder	wonder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	cleverness	cleverness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go by** | past | fifteen years |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **receive** | past | the last Tsar | news |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent news=Theme |
| 3 | **find** | past · perfect · passive |  | a peasant |  | a certain village |  | news *obj*; a child *obj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | past | a child | a wonder |  |  |  | for peasant's beauty and peasant's cleverness | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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