---
title: The old man looked at them and said, “Young and green, goes far, sle… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The old man looked at them and said, “Young and green, goes far, sleeps sound, and leaves the work undone!” Who acts: old man. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 18

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The old man looked at them and said, “Young and green, goes far, sleeps sound, and leaves the work undone!”

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**Who acts:** old man · **What happens:** look, say, go, sleep, leave, undo · **To what, where:** sound, work · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:7:18
# text = The old man looked at them and said, “Young and green, goes far, sleeps sound, and leaves the work undone!”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
16	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
19	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the old man |  |  |  |  | at ricks *= rick* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **sleep** *in a quote* | present |  | sound |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme |
| 5 | **leave** *in a quote* | present |  | the work |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 6 | **undo** *in a quote* | participle |  | the work *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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