--- title: The mare began to gallop over the valleys and over the hills, and sh… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The mare began to gallop over the valleys and over the hills, and she reared, but she could not dislodge the rider; and at last she stopped and said in a human voice: “Now, good youth, now you can mount me, you may become master of my foals.” Who acts: mare, you. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/) / 35 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 35 The mare began to gallop over the valleys and over the hills, and she reared, but she could not dislodge the rider; and at last she stopped and said in a human voice: “Now, good youth, now you can mount me, you may become master of my foals.” **Who acts:** mare, you · **What happens:** begin, gallop, rear, not dislodge, stop, say · **To what, where:** valleys, rider, last, human voice, mare, master · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mare, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:7:35 # text = The mare began to gallop over the valleys and over the hills, and she reared, but she could not dislodge the rider; and at last she stopped and said in a human voice: “Now, good youth, now you can mount me, you may become master of my foals.” 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 mare mare NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 gallop gallop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 over over ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 valleys valley NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 10 over over ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 hills hill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 reared rear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 20 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 22 advmod _ _ 22 dislodge dislodge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 rider rider NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 27 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 obl _ _ 29 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 stopped stop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 37 : : PUNCT : _ 42 punct _ _ 38 “ " PUNCT `` _ 42 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 39 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 44 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 47 advmod _ _ 45 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 46 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 mount mount VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 parataxis _ _ 48 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 50 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 51 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 52 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 47 conj _ _ 53 master master NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 xcomp _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 56 nmod:poss _ _ 56 foals foal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 53 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 57 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 58 ” " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | the mare | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **gallop** | to-infinitive | the mare *not said here* | | | the valleys and the hills | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over valley=Trajectory | | 3 | **rear** | past | mare | | | | | | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **not** **dislodge** | could | mare | the rider | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rider=Theme | | 5 | **stop** | past | mare | | | last | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at last=Location | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | mare *not said here* | | | a human voice | | good youth *ccomp* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in voice=Manner | | 7 | **mount** *in a quote* | can | you | mare | | | now | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | | 8 | **become** *in a quote* | may | you | master of my foals | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/34/) - next →: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/36/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/)