--- title: They might have had to die, but Zamorýshek was an inventive youth, a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: They might have had to die, but Zamorýshek was an inventive youth, and had not forgotten to take Bába Yagá’s handkerchief, and he shook the handkerchief in front, and so built a bridge across all the width of the blue sea, and the doughty youths crossed the sea safely. Who acts: directions, Zamorýsh --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/70/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/) / 70 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 70 They might have had to die, but Zamorýshek was an inventive youth, and had not forgotten to take Bába Yagá’s handkerchief, and he shook the handkerchief in front, and so built a bridge across all the width of the blue sea, and the doughty youths crossed the sea safely. **Who acts:** directions, Zamorýshek, ZAMORÝSHEK, doughty youths · **What happens:** have, die, be, not forget, take, shake · **To what, where:** inventive youth, handkerchief, front, bridge, width, sea This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (directions, Zamorýshek, ZAMORÝSHEK, doughty youths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:7:70 # text = They might have had to die, but Zamorýshek was an inventive youth, and had not forgotten to take Bába Yagá’s handkerchief, and he shook the handkerchief in front, and so built a bridge across all the width of the blue sea, and the doughty youths crossed the sea safely. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 4 aux _ _ 4 had have VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 8 but but CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 9 Zamorýshek Zamorýshek PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 10 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 inventive inventive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 18 forgotten forget VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 parataxis _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 21 Bába Bába PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod:poss _ _ 22 Yagá Yagá PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ’s 's PART POS _ 21 case _ _ 24 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 shook shake VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 so so ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 across across ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 40 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 42 det:predet _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 width width NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 blue blue ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 50 doughty doughty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 51 youths youth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 nsubj _ _ 52 crossed cross VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 55 safely safely ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 56 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | might · perfect | directions *= direction* | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **die** | to-infinitive | directions *= direction* *not said here* | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **is a** | past | Zamorýshek | a inventive youth | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **forget** | past · perfect | | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **take** | to-infinitive | | Bába's handkerchief | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Theme | | 6 | **shake** | past | ZAMORÝSHEK *= zamorýshek* | the handkerchief | | front | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Theme in front=Trajectory | | 7 | **build** | past | ZAMORÝSHEK *= zamorýshek* *not said here* | a bridge | | all width of the blue sea | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bridge=Product | | 8 | **cross** | past | the doughty youths | the sea | | | | safely *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 69](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/69/) - next →: [sentence 71](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/71/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/)