---
title: They had two sons, who were very young and as yet of no use for fiel… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: They had two sons, who were very young and as yet of no use for field work. Who acts: man, two sons. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 75

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They had two sons, who were very young and as yet of no use for field work.

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**Who acts:** man, two sons · **What happens:** have, be · **To what, where:** two sons

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, two sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:7:75
# text = They had two sons, who were very young and as yet of no use for field work.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | man | two sons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | two sons |  |  |  |  | no use for field work *conj*; young *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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