---
title: At midnight the lady had a dream, and heard some one knock at the wi… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: At midnight the lady had a dream, and heard some one knock at the window and ask: “Old and righteous man, are you sleeping here to-night?” Who acts: lady, you. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 8, sentence 103

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At midnight the lady had a dream, and heard some one knock at the window and ask: “Old and righteous man, are you sleeping here to-night?”

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**Who acts:** lady, you · **What happens:** have, hear, ask, sleep · **To what, where:** dream, one knock, window · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lady, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:8:103
# text = At midnight the lady had a dream, and heard some one knock at the window and ask: “Old and righteous man, are you sleeping here to-night?”
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	knock	knock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	ccomp	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	ccomp	_	_
29	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	28	advmod	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the lady | a dream |  |  | midnight |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient |
| 2 | **hear** | past | the lady *not said here* | some one knock |  | the window |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer knock=Stimulus |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | the lady *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **sleep** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you |  |  | here | night |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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