---
title: “It will soon be summer, and we shall not have anybody to help us at… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “It will soon be summer, and we shall not have anybody to help us at the harvest. Who acts: soul, we, anybody. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 103

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“It will soon be summer, and we shall not have anybody to help us at the harvest.

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**Who acts:** soul, we, anybody · **What happens:** be, not have, help · **To what, where:** summer, anybody, us, harvest

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soul, we, anybody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:9:103
# text = “It will soon be summer, and we shall not have anybody to help us at the harvest.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	anybody	anybody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | future | soul | summer |  |  |  | soon *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | shall | we | anybody |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | anybody *not said here* |  | us | the harvest |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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