--- title: They had long given him up for dead, and it was no wonder; for he ha… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: They had long given him up for dead, and it was no wonder; for he had been away for three years, although it had seemed to him only twenty-four hours that he had stayed with the Devil. Who acts: parents, plate, boy, it. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9, with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/183/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/) / 183 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 183 They had long given him up for dead, and it was no wonder; for he had been away for three years, although it had seemed to him only twenty-four hours that he had stayed with the Devil. **Who acts:** parents, plate, boy, it · **What happens:** give up, be, seem, stay · **To what, where:** boy, wonder This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parents, plate, boy, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:9:183 # text = They had long given him up for dead, and it was no wonder; for he had been away for three years, although it had seemed to him only twenty-four hours that he had stayed with the Devil. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod _ _ 4 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 iobj _ _ 6 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 14 det _ _ 14 wonder wonder NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 16 for for SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 18 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 19 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 cop _ _ 20 away away ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 21 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 although although SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 seemed seem VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ _ 31 only only ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 32 twenty twenty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 33 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 32 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 34 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl:unmarked _ _ 36 that that SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 stayed stay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 xcomp _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 Devil Devil PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give up** | past · perfect | parents *= parent* | | boy | | | for dead; long *property* | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Source | | 2 | **is a** | past | plate | no wonder | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | past · perfect | boy | | | | year | away *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **seem** | past | it | | boy | | hour | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | | 5 | **stay** | past · perfect | boy | | | | | with the Devil | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with devil=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 182](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/182/) - next →: [Opening, part 10, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/10/1/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/)