---
title: Here the gentleman began to discover that the superiority of his blo… — Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth · tree and pragmatics
description: Here the gentleman began to discover that the superiority of his blood was imaginary; for between the consciousness of shame and cold, under the nakedness he had never been used to; a fear of the event from the fierceness of the savages approach; and the want of an idea whereby to soften or divert t
---

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# Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Basket Maker., sentence 17

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Here the gentleman began to discover that the superiority of his blood was imaginary; for between the consciousness of shame and cold, under the nakedness he had never been used to; a fear of the event from the fierceness of the savages approach; and the want of an idea whereby to soften or divert their asperity, he fell behind the poor sharer of his calamity, and with an unsinewed, apprehensive, unmanly sneakingness of mien, gave up the post of honour, and made a leader of the very man whom he had thought it a disgrace to consider as a companion.

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**Who acts:** gentleman, superiority, fear · **What happens:** begin, discover, be, not use, approach, soften · **To what, where:** gentleman, asperity, poor sharer, post, leader, man

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This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Basket Maker.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gentleman, superiority, fear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62868:11:17
# text = Here the gentleman began to discover that the superiority of his blood was imaginary; for between the consciousness of shame and cold, under the nakedness he had never been used to; a fear of the event from the fierceness of the savages approach; and the want of an idea whereby to soften or divert their asperity, he fell behind the poor sharer of his calamity, and with an unsinewed, apprehensive, unmanly sneakingness of mien, gave up the post of honour, and made a leader of the very man whom he had thought it a disgrace to consider as a companion.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	discover	discover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	superiority	superiority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	imaginary	imaginary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	between	between	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	under	under	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	nakedness	nakedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
29	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
30	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
31	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	from	from	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	fierceness	fierceness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	savages	savage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	_
46	approach	approach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	want	want	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
54	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	56	advmod	_	_
55	to	to	PART	TO	_	56	mark	_	_
56	soften	soften	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	acl:relcl	_	_
57	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
58	divert	divert	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	56	conj	_	_
59	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
60	asperity	asperity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
62	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	63	nsubj	_	_
63	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	advcl	_	_
64	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
65	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
66	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	67	amod	_	_
67	sharer	sharer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	obl	_	_
68	of	of	ADP	IN	_	70	case	_	_
69	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	70	nmod:poss	_	_
70	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	67	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	84	punct	_	_
72	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	84	cc	_	_
73	with	with	ADP	IN	_	80	case	_	_
74	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	80	det	_	_
75	unsinewed	unsinew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	80	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
77	apprehensive	apprehensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	80	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
78	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	77	punct	_	_
79	unmanly	unmanly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	80	amod	_	_
80	sneakingness	sneakingness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obl	_	_
81	of	of	ADP	IN	_	82	case	_	_
82	mien	mien	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	80	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
83	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	80	punct	_	_
84	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	63	conj	_	_
85	up	up	ADP	RP	_	84	compound:prt	_	_
86	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	87	det	_	_
87	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	84	obj	_	_
88	of	of	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
89	honour	honour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	87	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
90	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	92	punct	_	_
91	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	92	cc	_	_
92	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	84	conj	_	_
93	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	94	det	_	_
94	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	92	obj	_	_
95	of	of	ADP	IN	_	98	case	_	_
96	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	98	det	_	_
97	very	very	ADV	RB	_	98	advmod	_	_
98	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	94	nmod	_	_
99	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	102	obj	_	_
100	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	102	nsubj	_	_
101	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	102	aux	_	_
102	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	98	acl:relcl	_	_
103	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	102	obj	_	_
104	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	105	det	_	_
105	disgrace	disgrace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	102	obj	_	_
106	to	to	PART	TO	_	107	mark	_	_
107	consider	consider	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	105	acl	_	_
108	as	as	ADP	IN	_	110	case	_	_
109	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	110	det	_	_
110	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	107	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
111	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the gentleman |  |  | here |  | for the consciousness of shame; the want of a idea *conj* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **discover** | to-infinitive | the gentleman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | the superiority of gentleman's blood |  |  |  |  | imaginary *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **use** | past · perfect · passive |  | gentleman |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **approach** | present | a fear of the event from the fierceness of the savages |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **soften** | to-infinitive | the gentleman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | whereby *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **divert** | infinitive | the gentleman *not said here* | gallies's asperity |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus asperity=Experiencer |
| 8 | **fall** | past | gentleman |  |  | the poor sharer of gentleman's calamity |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme behind sharer=Location |
| 9 | **unsinew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **give up** | past | gentleman *not said here* | the post of honour |  |  |  | with a unsinewed apprehensive unmanly sneakingness of mien | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent post=Source |
| 11 | **make** | past | gentleman *not said here* | a leader of the man |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset leader=Product |
| 12 | **think** *speech: other* | past · perfect | gentleman | the man |  |  |  | leader *obj*; a disgrace *obj* | tree rules |
| 13 | **consider** | to-infinitive | gentleman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a companion | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 14 | **fear** |  |  | the event from the fierceness of the savages |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
| 15 | **want** |  |  | a idea |  |  |  |  | nom want «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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